You can
watch the video of this sermon here
at 8pm AEST.
Introduction
Tonight, we
are going to look at the last chapter of the book of Revelation. This is episode
30 of my Revelation study and the final episode before we move onto another
book of the Bible. I hope you have found this study encouraging, helpful,
informative, and also I hope you have seen more clearly how this book magnifies
our Lord Jesus.
My goal with
this study was not to create an exhaustive analysis of the book of Revelation.
If you want that there are more academic resources you can turn to,
commentaries and exegesis courses for instance. My goal was to create an accessible
study that helps demystify this book without pretending to have all the
answers. On top of this my goal was to show that this book has great and
powerful application for our everyday lives.
One of the
things I have found in teaching this book over the years, is that if we take
the approach of “what” it is saying and leave the “when and the how” up in the
air, the book becomes far more approachable and far more accessible for many
people.
Over the
years this book has been neglected by many Bible teachers and this has allowed sensationalist
readings to take centre stage, and the book has been turned into everything
from a justification to support Israeli foreign policy, through to a guide to
understand Middle Eastern affairs, through to a justification for seeing Russia
as the big bad guy in the world, and so many other things. I grew up under
these readings of this text, and the core thing they all have in common is that
they disconnect the book from its literary and textual context and turn the
imagery of Revelation into a series of choose your own adventure tracts. This
does a disservice to the handling this book.
That is not
to say that everyone who seeks to handle this book in a more measured way will
agree on everything. This would be too bold a claim to make. But I have found
much more general agreement when a more grounded approach is taken, applying
this book to the experience of everyday life. I hope I have been able to
communicate this effectively.
But now we
must turn to the last chapter of this awesome and fearsome book. Something I am
going to focus on today is that this passage appears to have something of a now
but not yet quality to. This is because we live in a time where heaven is
breaking into earth, to some degree, through the Church, and therefore aspects
of the fulfilment of God’s plan are active in our lives and world today, though
not yet in their fullness. I think you will see this as we go through the
passage tonight.
But first let’s
turn to our Old and New Testament imagery behind this passage and then we shall
do the study questions.
Old
Testament Background:
- The River and the Tree of Life
(v. 1-2): The
scene directly echoes and fulfills the Garden of Eden (Genesis 2:9-10).
Where access to the tree of life was lost due to sin (Genesis 3:22-24), it
is now restored and amplified, offering perpetual fruit and healing. The
river also recalls the life-giving water flowing from the Temple in
Ezekiel's vision (Ezekiel 47:1-12), which itself is a prophetic picture of
restoration.
- Cursed No More (v. 3): This is the ultimate
fulfillment of the promise that God would undo the curse pronounced in
Genesis 3:17. Zechariah 14:11 also prophesies a future where "there
shall be no more curse."
- Seeing God's Face (v. 4): This was an impossibility
for fallen humanity (Exodus 33:20), but becomes the ultimate privilege of
the redeemed, indicating full intimacy and restored relationship.
- The Alpha and Omega (v. 13): This title for God, used in
Isaiah 44:6 ("I am the first and I am the last"), is here
applied directly to Jesus, affirming His full divinity.
New
Testament Background:
- The Throne of God and the Lamb
(v. 1, 3): The
entire vision is Christocentric. The throne belongs to both God and the
Lamb, a powerful New Testament revelation of Jesus' co-equality with the
Father (John 1:1, 14).
- The Water of Life (v. 17): This invitation fulfills
Jesus' own proclamation in John 7:37-38, where He offers "rivers of
living water" to those who believe in Him.
- The Bright Morning Star (v. 16): This title for Jesus
connects to the promise given to the church in Thyatira (Revelation 2:28)
and echoes messianic prophecy (Numbers 24:17). It symbolizes hope and the
dawn of a new, eternal day.
The
"Now But Not Yet" Application
This passage
powerfully embodies the "now but not yet" tension of Christian
eschatology.
- The "Now": The blessings of the New
Covenant are presently available. The invitation to "come" and
take the "water of life without price" is extended now (v.
17). Through the Spirit, believers experience a foretaste of God's
presence and the healing of the gospel. We are now called
to "wash our robes" (v. 14) through faith in Christ's atoning
work and to live righteously in anticipation of His return.
- The "Not Yet": The full reality
described—the physical river, the tree of life, the abolition of night,
and the direct, unmediated vision of God's face—is still future. We still
live in a world where evil exists (v. 11), and we await the final coming
of Christ to fully establish this perfect order. The repeated cry, "I
am coming soon" (vv. 7, 12, 20), creates a posture of active and
hopeful waiting.
Study
Questions
- Compare the "river of the water of life" (Rev. 22:1) with the river in Eden (Genesis 2:10) and Ezekiel's vision (Ezekiel 47:1-9). What does this progression tell us about God's plan for restoration?
- The "tree of life"
offers healing for the nations. How does this universal scope of salvation
contrast with the exclusive nature of Old Testament Israel and align with
God's promise to Abraham in Genesis 12:3?
- Why do nations need healing in
heaven, if there is no curse anymore? (c.f. vv. 2-3).
- What is the significance of God's
servants seeing His face (Rev. 22:4), especially in light of Exodus
33:20-23 and Matthew 5:8? How does this speak to the ultimate goal of
redemption?
- In Revelation 22:11, the angel
makes a startling statement about letting people continue in their state.
How does this relate to the concept of hardened hearts in Exodus (e.g.,
Pharaoh) and Paul's teaching in Romans 1:24-28?
- Jesus identifies Himself as
"the Alpha and the Omega" (Rev. 22:13). How does this claim,
paired with His title "the first and the last" in Revelation
1:17, establish His divine authority and eternality?
- Revelation 22:14-15 presents a
clear distinction between those inside and outside the city. How does this
final judgment reflect the teachings of Jesus in, for example, Matthew
25:31-46?
- What does Jesus mean in verse 16
that he is the root and descendant of David?
- The invitation in Revelation
22:17 is extended by the Spirit, the Bride (the Church), and "the one
who hears." How does this model evangelism, and how does it connect
to the Great Commission in Matthew 28:19-20?
- The warning against adding to or
taking away from the prophecy (Rev. 22:18-19) is severe. What does this
tell us about the gravity and finality of God's revealed Word? Compare
this to Deuteronomy 4:2 and Proverbs 30:6.
- The plea "Come, Lord
Jesus!" (Rev. 22:20) is the cry of the early church (1 Corinthians
16:22). What is the relationship between this eager expectation and the
call to holy living found in 2 Peter 3:11-14?
- The final verse (Rev. 22:21) ends
the entire Bible with a focus on "grace." How does this
conclusion serve as a perfect bookend to the message of the New Testament,
particularly the teachings of Paul in Ephesians 2:8-9?
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